Gráfico de Pirámide de Población con Barras Apiladas Divergentes
Aprende a mejorar la presentación y precisión de tus gráficos en Power BI utilizando Vega-Lite y Deneb.
Publicado 
Gráficos personalizados en Power BI usando Vega-Lite
Por Cristobal Salcedo Beltran
5 min de lectura
Capacidades del Visual en Deneb
Este visual en Power BI, desarrollado con Deneb y Vega-Lite, ofrece un análisis detallado de la distribución poblacional por género y edad. Entre sus principales características se incluyen:
- Etiquetas Dinámicas: Muestra información flexible (población total o porcentaje) adaptada a distintos modos de visualización.
- Cálculo y Formato Dinámico: Uso de la función
pbiFormatpara formatear porcentajes y cifras con precisión, adaptándose al tamaño de los datos. - Visualización en Capas: Combina barras apiladas, etiquetas y títulos personalizados, optimizando la presentación de la información.
- Configuración Avanzada de Estilos: Personaliza colores, alineación y opacidad de los elementos según los datos mostrados.
Este visual proporciona una representación clara y dinámica de los datos demográficos, mejorando la comprensión y presentación en Power BI.
Descarga los archivos utilizados aquí👇
🔽 Diverging_Stacked_Bar_Chart_Population_Pyramid.pbix (2.69 MB)
🔽 Diverging_Stacked_Bar_Chart_Population_Pyramid.json: ( 8.82 KB)
Referencias y recursos adicionales:
- Deneb Official Website: Recursos y documentación oficial de Deneb.
- Opciones avanzadas para la función pbiFormat: Guía sobre el uso avanzado de
pbiFormat. - Formateo en Deneb: Recurso completo sobre las técnicas de formateo en Deneb.
- Gráfico de barras apiladas divergentes (pirámide de población): Ejemplo práctico de un gráfico de pirámide de población utilizando Vega-Lite.
Copy the Template Below👇✔
{
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"usermeta": {
"information": {
"uuid": "3ecd6e60-2b7c-484a-a05d-ae0f7a47870c",
"generated": "2024-09-26T03:38:37.159Z",
"previewImageBase64PNG": "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mNkYAAAAAYAAjCB0C8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=",
"name": "Diverging Stacked Bar Chart (Population Pyramid)",
"description": "Diverging Stacked Bar Chart (Population Pyramid): Based on an official Vega-Lite example and adapted for use in Deneb within Power BI. Note: Cross-filtering interactivity is limited when using 'aggregate'. Author: Cristobal Salcedo Beltran. Contact: csalcedo90@gmail.com.",
"author": "Cristobal Salcedo Beltran"
},
"deneb": {
"build": "1.7.1.0",
"metaVersion": 1,
"provider": "vegaLite",
"providerVersion": "5.20.1"
},
"interactivity": {
"tooltip": true,
"contextMenu": true,
"selection": false,
"selectionMode": "simple",
"highlight": false,
"dataPointLimit": 50
},
"config": "{\r\n \"background\": \"transparent\",\r\n \"view\": {\r\n \"stroke\": \"transparent\"\r\n },\r\n \"axisX\": {\r\n \"labels\": false,\r\n \"ticks\": false,\r\n \"titleFontSize\": 20,\r\n \"offset\": 5,\r\n \"domainWidth\": 5\r\n },\r\n // Legend configuration\r\n \"legend\": {\r\n \"title\": \"\", // No title for the legend\r\n \"orient\": \"top\",\r\n \"symbolSize\": {\r\n \"expr\": \"DisplayValueMode==4?0:280\"\r\n }, // Size of the symbols in the legend\r\n \"disable\": false, // Ensure legend is enabled\r\n \"labelFontSize\": 14, // Font size of legend labels\r\n \"labelFontWeight\": \"bold\", // Bold font for legend labels\r\n \"columnPadding\": 10, // Padding between legend columns\r\n \"labelColor\": {\r\n \"expr\": \"DisplayValueMode==4? 'transparent': datum.label == 'Male' ? '#ca8861':'#675193' \" // Conditional color for labels\r\n },\r\n \"labelAlign\": \"left\" // Align legend text to the left of the symbol\r\n }\r\n}",
"dataset": [
{
"key": "__4__",
"name": "year",
"description": "",
"kind": "column",
"type": "numeric"
},
{
"key": "__0__",
"name": "sex",
"description": "",
"kind": "column",
"type": "numeric"
},
{
"key": "__1__",
"name": "age",
"description": "",
"kind": "column",
"type": "numeric"
},
{
"key": "__2__",
"name": "TotalPeople",
"description": "",
"kind": "measure",
"type": "numeric"
},
{
"key": "__3__",
"name": "DisplayOptionsValue",
"description": "",
"kind": "measure",
"type": "numeric"
}
]
},
"description": "Diverging Stacked Bar Chart (Population Pyramid): Based on an official Vega-Lite example and adapted for use in Deneb within Power BI. Note: Cross-filtering interactivity is limited when using 'aggregate'. Author: Cristobal Salcedo Beltran. Contact: csalcedo90@gmail.com.",
"data": {
"name": "dataset"
},
"params": [
{
"name": "DisplayValueMode",
"expr": "pluck(data('dataset'),'DisplayOptionsValue')[0]"
}
],
"transform": [
{
"calculate": "datum['__0__'] == 2 ? 'Female' : 'Male'",
"as": "gender"
},
{
"calculate": "datum['__0__'] == 2 ? -datum['__2__'] : datum['__2__']",
"as": "signed_people"
}
],
"encoding": {
"x": {
"aggregate": "sum",
"field": "signed_people",
"title": "Population",
"axis": {
"format": "s"
}
},
"y": {
"field": "__1__",
"axis": null,
"sort": "descending"
},
"color": {
"field": "gender",
"scale": {
"range": [
"#675193",
"#ca8861"
]
},
"legend": {
"orient": "top",
"title": null
}
}
},
"layer": [
{
"mark": {
"type": "bar",
"stroke": "#fff",
"strokeWidth": 1,
"xOffset": {
"expr": "datum.gender=='Male'? 8: -8"
}
}
},
{
"mark": {
"type": "text"
},
"encoding": {
"text": {
"field": "__1__"
},
"x": {
"aggregate": "count"
},
"y": {
"field": "__1__"
}
}
},
{
"transform": [
{
"window": [
{
"field": "signed_people",
"op": "sum",
"as": "TotalPopulationPerAgeGroup"
}
],
"frame": [
null,
null
],
"groupby": [
"__0__"
]
},
{
"window": [
{
"field": "signed_people",
"op": "sum",
"as": "TotalPopulationPerGenderAge"
}
],
"frame": [
null,
null
],
"groupby": [
"gender",
"__1__",
"TotalPopulationPerAgeGroup",
"__0__"
]
},
{
"calculate": "pbiFormat(abs(datum.TotalPopulationPerGenderAge/datum.TotalPopulationPerAgeGroup),'0.0%')",
"as": "percentageOfPopulation"
},
{
"calculate": "pbiFormat(abs(datum.TotalPopulationPerGenderAge)/100000,'#0')",
"as": "formattedTotalPopulation"
},
{
"calculate": "pbiFormat(abs(datum.TotalPopulationPerGenderAge), '#,0', { value : if(abs(datum.TotalPopulationPerGenderAge) >= 1e12, 1e12, if(abs(datum.TotalPopulationPerGenderAge) >= 1e9, 1e9, if(abs(datum.TotalPopulationPerGenderAge) >= 1e6, 1e6, if(abs(datum.TotalPopulationPerGenderAge) >= 1e3, 1e3, 0 )))), precision: 0 })",
"as": "formattedTotalPopulation"
},
{
"calculate": "datum.gender + '_' + datum.formattedTotalPopulation + ' | ' + datum.percentageOfPopulation ",
"as": "labelTextFirst"
},
{
"calculate": "DisplayValueMode==4? (datum['__1__']==0?datum.gender + ' | ' + datum.formattedTotalPopulation + ' | ' + datum.percentageOfPopulation: datum.gender + '_' + datum.formattedTotalPopulation + ' | ' + datum.percentageOfPopulation ): datum.labelTextFirst",
"as": "labelText"
},
{
"calculate": "datum.signed_people/2",
"as": "median_people"
}
],
"layer": [
{
"mark": {
"type": "text",
"fontSize": 14,
"opacity": {
"expr": "datum['__1__']==0 && DisplayValueMode==4?0:1"
},
"align": {
"expr": "split(datum.labelText,'_')[0]==='Male'?'left':'right'"
},
"dx": {
"expr": "split(datum.labelText,'_')[0]==='Male'?15:-15"
}
},
"encoding": {
"color": {
"value": "black"
},
"text": {
"value": {
"expr": "DisplayValueMode==1? split(split(datum.labelText,'_')[1],'|')[0]: DisplayValueMode==2? split(datum.labelText,'|')[1]: DisplayValueMode==3? split(datum.labelText,'_')[1]: datum['__1__']=='0'? datum.labelText: split(datum.labelText,'_')[1]"
}
},
"x": {
"aggregate": "sum",
"field": "signed_people",
"type": "quantitative",
"bandPosition": 0.5
},
"detail": {
"field": "labelText"
}
}
},
{
"mark": {
"type": "text",
"fontWeight": "bold",
"fontSize": 16,
"opacity": {
"expr": "datum['__1__']==0 && DisplayValueMode==4?1:0"
},
"dx": {
"expr": "split(datum.labelText,'_')[0]==='Male'?15:-60"
},
"align": {
"expr": "split(datum.labelText,'|')[0]==='Male'?'right':'left'"
}
},
"encoding": {
"color": {
"value": "black"
},
"text": {
"value": {
"expr": "datum['__1__']=='0'? datum.labelText: split(datum.labelText,'_')[1]"
}
},
"x": {
"aggregate": "sum",
"field": "median_people",
"type": "quantitative"
},
"detail": {
"field": "labelText"
}
}
}
]
}
],
"config": {
"view": {
"stroke": null
},
"axis": {
"grid": false
}
},
"title": {
"text": "US population distribution of age groups and gender",
"fontSize": 25,
"fontWeight": "bold",
"fontStyle": "arial"
}
}
Esta entrada está licenciada bajo CC BY 4.0 por el autor.